Differences in the Effects of Two Combinations of Hold Relax Techniques on Gastrocnemius Muscle Pain Reduction
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Pain in the gastrocnemius muscle is often experienced by garment factory workers due to repetitive standing and walking activities. Combination therapy techniques are an alternative to reduce pain and improve muscle function. This study aims to determine the difference in effectiveness between hold relax exercise with auto myofascial release technique and hold relax exercise with auto stretching in reducing gastrocnemius muscle pain in garment company employees.
Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post test control group. A sample of 40 employees with gastrocnemius muscle pain was selected using purposive sampling and divided into two intervention groups of 20 people each. The first group received hold relax exercise and auto myofascial release technique, while the second group received hold relax exercise and auto stretching. Pain was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests.
Results: Statistical testing using an independent t-test yielded a result of p=0.007 (p<0.05), which means that there was a difference between groups I and II, with a mean difference after treatment of 13.27 mm in group I and 3.53 mm in group II.
Conclusion: Hold relax exercise with the Auto myofascial release technique is more effective in reducing gastrocnemius muscle pain than Hold relax exercise with Auto stretching in garment company employees.
Article Details
How to Cite
References
Ahmad, H., Anwer, S., Iqbal, A., & Iqbal, Z. A. (2018). Test–retest reliability, validity, and minimum detectable change of visual analog, numerical rating, and verbal rating scales for measurement of osteoarthritic knee pain. Journal of Pain Research, 11, 851–856.
Lubbeke, A., Finckh, A., Puskas, G. J., Suva, D., Ladermann, A., Bas, S., Fritschy, D., Gabay, C., & Hoffmeyer, P. (2013). Do synovial leptin levels correlate with pain in end-stage arthritis? Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 21(11), 1791–1798.
Ashkavand, Z., Malekinejad, H., & Vishwanath, B. (2013). The pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 7(3), 132–138.
Barbour, K. E., Helmick, C. G., Boring, M., & Brady, T. J. (2017). Vital signs: Prevalence of doctor-diagnosed arthritis-attributable activity limitation—United States, 2013–2015. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 66(9), 246–253.
Cahyaningtyas, P. Y. (2019). Gambaran pengetahuan keluarga tentang cara penanganan radang sendi (osteoarthritis) di komunitas [Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta].
Courtney, A. A., Steffen, A. D., Fernandez, C., Kim, J., & Chmell, S. J. (2016). Joint mobilization enhances mechanisms of conditioned pain modulation in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 46(3), 168–176.
Hochberg, M. C., Smolen, J. S., Weisman, M. H., Silman, A. J., & Weinblatt, M. E. (2015). Rheumatology (6th ed., Vol. 2). Elsevier.
Hoogenboom, B., Michael, J. L., & William, E. P. (2014). Musculoskeletal interventions techniques for therapeutic exercise (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Huang, L., Guo, B., Xu, F., & Zhao, J. (2017). Effects of quadriceps functional exercise with isometric contraction in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases.
Hudaya, P. (2018). Modul mata kuliah rematologi. Jurusan Fisioterapi, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta.
Thong, I. S. K., Jensen, M. P., Miro, J., & Tan, G. (2018). The validity of pain intensity measures: What do the NRS, VAS, VRS, FPS-R measure? Pain Management, 8(2), 123–132.
Kisner, C., & Colby, L. A. (2016). Therapeutic exercise: Foundations and techniques (6th ed.). FA Davis.
Magee, D. J. (2014). Orthopedic physical assessment (6th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences.
Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., Agur, A. M. R., & Moore, M. E. (2013). Clinically oriented anatomy (5th ed.). Erlangga.
Mora, J., Przkora, R., & Almeida, Y. (2018). Knee osteoarthritis: Pathophysiology and current treatment modalities. Journal of Pain Research, 11, 2189–2196.
Olagbegi, O. M., Adegoke, B. O., & Odale, A. C. (2017). Effectiveness of three modes of kinetic-chain exercises on quadriceps muscle strength and thigh girth among individuals with knee osteoarthritis.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian RI. (2018). Riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas).
Shahnawaz, A., Anwer, M. P. T., & Ahmad, A. M. S. (2014). Effect of isometric quadriceps exercise on muscle strength, pain, and function in patients with osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial study.
Susilawati, I., Tirtayasa, K., & Lesmana, S. I. (2015). Latihan open kinetic chain lebih baik daripada osteoarthritis lutut setelah pemberian microwave diathermy dan transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Sport and Fitness Journal, 3(1), 26–34.
Ng, W. H., Jamaludin, N. I., Sahabuddin, F. N. A., Rahman, S. A., Ahmed Shokri, A., & Shaharudin, S. (2022). Comparison of the open kinetic chain and closed kinetic chain strengthening exercises on pain perception and lower limb biomechanics of mild knee osteoarthritis.
Xie, Y., Zhang, C., Jiang, W., Huang, J., Xu, L., Pang, G., Tang, H., Chen, R., Yu, J., Guo, S., Xu, F., & Wang, J. (2018). Quadriceps combined with hip abductor strengthening versus quadriceps strengthening in treating knee osteoarthritis. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 97(10), 735–742.